Main topics of study: 1. Introduction to the measurement of non-electrical quantities. Measurement chain, errors in the measurement chain. Passive and active sensors. Smart sensors. MEMS sensors. Data transmission buses. 2. Temperature measurement using contact sensors. Basic principles of temperature measurement. Expansion, pressure, and electrical (resistance, crystal) thermometers; thermoelectric and semiconductor thermometers. Time constant of contact thermometers. Measurement of low temperatures. 3. Non-contact temperature measurement. Stefan-Boltzmann?s law and Wien?s displacement law. Emissivity. Thermal and quantum detectors. Pyrometry, thermal imaging. 4. Pressure measurement. Basic principles and applications of pressure sensors. Fluid pressure sensors ? absolute ? differential. Strain gauge pressure transducers, electrical (strain gauges, capacitive, piezoelectric), liquid-filled. Vacuum gauges. 5. Flow measurement, anemometers. Types of flow. Volumetric flow meters: float, propeller/turbine, ultrasonic, inductive, vortex flow meters. Mass flow meters: Coriolis, thermal. Flow measurement in open channels. Technical placement of measuring instruments ? principles. Mechanical, aerodynamic, acoustic, and marking anemometers. Wind speed measurement. Laser anemometry, visualization measurement methods (PIV). 6. Measurement of gas humidity. Water phase diagram. Absolute and relative humidity, partial pressure. Methods of humidity measurement: capacitive, resistive, psychrometric, optical, condensation mirror. 7. Measurement of solutions ? conductivity, pH, spectrophotometry. Spectrophotometry, chromatography. 8. Measurement of position, displacement, and rotational speed. Discrete × continuous sensors, presence detectors. Resistance, inductance, and inductive sensors, capacitive sensors, optical sensors. Incremental and absolute sensors. Stroboscopes. 9. Measurement of mechanical stress, strain, force, acceleration, and velocity. Strain gauges (resistive, semiconductor). Piezoelectric force sensors. Magnetic strain gauges. Measurement of forces and torque, dynamometers. Accelerometers, gyroscopes. 10. Level measurement. Single-state, two-state, multi-state. Mechanical, hydrostatic, electrical, optical, ultrasonic, and radar sensors. 11. Measurement of electromagnetic radiation and light. Electromagnetic radiation. Photometric quantities?luminous flux, luminous intensity, illuminance, luminance, and light energy. Light and visual perception. 12. Gas analysis, emission measurement. Gas detectors, gas analyzers. Electrochemical, infrared, catalytic, semiconductor, and photoionization sensors. 13. Measurement of ionizing radiation. Noise measurement. Scintillation detectors, Geiger-Müller tubes, semiconductor, luminescent, photographic, and track detectors; types of sound pressure levels; sound detection using microphones; frequency and time weighting. Examples and human perception of sound. 14. Modern sensor technology. Requirements for modern sensors, edge AI, quantum sensors, new materials, energy harvesting, biosensors, automotive sensors, and GPS.
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Self-study (text study, reading, problematic tasks, practical tasks, experiments, research, written assignments), Laboratory work, Lecture, Practicum, E-learning
- Home preparation for classes
- 20 hours per semester
- Practical training (number of hours)
- 56 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 20 hours per semester
- Preparation for credit
- 24 hours per semester
- Preparation for laboratory testing; outcome analysis
- 30 hours per semester
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FRADEN, C. Handbook of Modern Sensors: Physics, Designs, and Applications (5th edition). Springer, 2016. ISBN 978-3319193021.
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HERCÍK, R., KVÍČALA, M. Senzory v automobilovém průmyslu. Ostrava: VŠB, 2020. ISBN 978-80-248-4247-9.
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Jenčík, J., Volf, J. Technická měření. Praha: ČVUT, 2000. ISBN 80-01-02138-6.
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NYCE, D. S. Understanding position sensors (Seventh edition). Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2023. ISBN 978-1-032-43699-9.
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RIPKA, P., ĎAĎO, S., KREIDL, M, NOVÁK, J. Senzory (opr. dotisk). Praha: ČVUT FEL, 2007. ISBN 80-01-03123-3.
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RIPKA, P., TIPEK, A. Master Book on Sensors. Praha: BEN, Leonardo da Vinci Project, 2003. ISBN 80-7300-129-2.
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Webster G., Eren H. Measurement, instrumentation, and sensors handbook. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2014. ISBN 978-1-4398-4891-3.
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