Electromagnetic waves and their properties, Maxwell's equation in matter, material equations. Transversal nature of planar electromagnetic wave, wave energy density, intensity and electromagnetic radiation pressure, polarization of elmg. wave, reflection and refraction of planar wave. Superposition principle, interference, coherent beams, Babinet's principle, Young's experiment, optical gratings, Michelson's interferometer. Interference in thin film, diffraction for single aperture, circular aperture, diffraction at the edge, holography, elmg. wave scattering, light propagation in solids, double refraction, optical activity, electro- and magneto-optical phenomena, nonlinear phenomena, fotoelasticimetry. Geometrical optics approximation, Fermat's principle and principle of least action in today's physics, refraction and reflection at the spherical interface, paraxial approximation, sign rule, thin lens, lens imaging aberration, magnifying glass, microscope, telescope, camera, projector, eye and its physiology, resolution, vision mechanisms, color vision. Photometry - radiant power, spectral density, luminous flux, illuminance, luminance, luminous intensity. Relativistic phenomena in optics - Doppler's phenomenon, synchrotron radiation, brake radiation. Fundamentals of quantum optics - thermal radiation, cavity radiation, Wien and Stefan-Boltzmann's radiation law, Planck's law, Einstein's hypothesis for elmg. field quanta, photoelectric phenomenon, Compton's phenomenon. Foundations of quantum mechanics - de Broglie's hypothesis, electron and ion optics. Physical system state, probability interpretation, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, observable quantity, operator, characteristic values for operator, average value for observable quantity. Operators for impulse, kinetic energy, Hamilton's function. Schrödinger's equation, stationary and non-stacionary states. Electronic orbitals, angular momentum in quantum mechanics, spin, stacionary states of electron in hydrogen atom, energy quanta, quantum numbers. Many-electron atoms, energy levels, Pauli's principle, Mendelejev's periodical system, non-stacionary states, emission and absorption of photons, optical spectra of atoms, molecules, laser, interatomic bonds. Nuclear physics - binding energy difference, nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, fission, fusion, nuclear and hydrogen bomb, radiation and living organism, application of nuclear radiation, nuclear reactor, elementary particles, high-energy physics.
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