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Lecturer(s)
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Lukáš David, prof. RNDr. CSc.
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Course content
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A) Molecular and Cell Biology (Alberts B. et al.): o Introduction to cells o Protein structure and function (molecules: protein - structure, function) o DNA and chromosomes (molecules: nucleic acids, central dogma) o Membrane structure. (molecules: biological membrane) o Transport membranes, o Extracellular Matrix o Cell Junctions, Cell adhesion o The cell cycle (Cell growth and differentiation) o Cellular communities, Tissues, Stem cells. B) Tissue engineering o Basic idea and objectives of tissue engineering: scaffolds, cells, signals (Saltzman W.M., 2004; Lanza R.P. 1997) o Objectives of tissue engineering, (Saltzman W. M., 2004) o Cell-material interactions: protein adsorption, focal adhesion (Ratner B.D., 2013) o Healing process (Agren M.) o Elements of tissue development (Saltzman W.M., 2004) o Experimental techniques in vitro, in vivo: Cell culture, viability tests, microscopic techniques, animal models (Ratner B.D., 2013, Freshney I.E. 2010) C) Materials o Types of materials used for tissue engineering scaffolds (Ratner B.D., 2013) o Technologies used for fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds: Textile / nontextile technologies (Ratner B.D., 2013) o Materials properties related to cell adhesion (Ratner B.D., 2013) o Drug delivery systems (Ratner B.D., 2013) D) Extracellular matrix o The Extracellular Matrix: An Overview (Mecham R. P., 2011) Molecular composition of ECM, ECM and tissue homeostasis, ECM and tissue aging, Challenges encountered with natural and synthetic ECMs (Frantz Ch.) o Mimicking biological functionality with polymers for biomedical applications (Green J. J., 2016).
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monological explanation (lecture, presentation,briefing), Dialogue metods(conversation,discussion,brainstorming), Self-study (text study, reading, problematic tasks, practical tasks, experiments, research, written assignments), Independent creative and artistic activities
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the study course is to provide an overview of the principles, materials and procedures used in the field of tissue engineering. Tissue engineering combines the use of cells, technologies, materials and suitable biochemical and physico-chemical factors to improve the condition or replace damaged biological tissue. Tissue engineering is also defined as the study of principles of tissue growth, and use this knowledge to create functional tissue replacements for clinical use. Rapid development and progress in the field of biomaterials, stem cells, and biologically active molecules enables the regeneration and the replacement of tissues by so-called scaffolds. Scaffolds are designed to mimic natural extracellular matrix (ie., The extracellular matrix). The extracellular matrix is tissue specific, however, the nano-fibrous structure (fibrous proteins such as collagen, elastin etc.) is present in all tissues, Nano-fibrous materials, thanks to their morphology, have a great potential in this area. Nano-fibrous scaffolds have a large active surface, an opened porous structure allowing the transport of substances, promote cellular adhesion and cell proliferation through its morphological features, and moreover scaffolds can be further chemically and physically modified. The content of the exam consists of two parts. One of them is the assessment of the individual study combined with the consultation of the basic courses according to the chosen items taken from the syllabus of the subject. The second part is the assignment of topics that are closer to the issue of extracellular matter and possibilities of its substitution, or to the content of Ph.D. student thesis. This part of the exam is based on individual study of journal publications and on laboratory work. The subject is guaranteed and taught by the Department of Non-woven Textiles and Nanofibrous Materials, where the development of tissue carriers based on fibrous structures is one of the main research topics.
The student will acquire detailed knowledge of the subject in the area according to the approval of the Branch Board
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral exam
oral examination before a committee appointed by the Dean. Written work in the recommended range of 20 pages.
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Recommended literature
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Alberts B, et al. Molecular Biology of the cell. 5th ed.. 2008. ISBN 978-0-8153-4110-9.
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Alberts, B. et al. Základy buněčné biologie, úvod do molekulární biologie buňky. Espero Publishing, Ústí nad Labem, 2006. Ústí nad Labem, 2006. ISBN 80-902906-2-0.
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FRANTZ, Christian, STEWARD, Kathleen M., WEAVER, Valerie M. The extracellular matrix at a glance. Journal of Cell Science 2000, 2000.
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HYNES, Richard O., YAMADA, Kenneth M. Extracellular Matrix Biology. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2011. ISBN 978-1936113385.
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Lanza R.P., Langer R., Vacanti J. Principles of tissue engineering, Second edition, Academic Press, 1997.
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MECHAM, Robert P. The Extracellular Matrix: An Overview,. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. ISBN ISBN 978-3-642-16.
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RATNER, Buddy. Biomaterials Science. 3rd Edition.. Academic Press,, 2013. ISBN 978-0-12-374626-9.
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SALTZMAN, Mark W. Tissue Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN 9780195141306.
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