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Lecturer(s)
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Müllerová Jana, Ing. Ph.D.
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Parma Petr, Ing.
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Nikendey Holubová Barbora, Ing. Mgr. Ph.D.
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Slavík Martin, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. The origin of the universe, the evolution of stars, nucleosynthesis, and the spread of elements. Chemical periodicity, arrangement, and modern trends in the periodic table (electronegativity, ionisation energy). 2. Hydrogen - isotopes, properties, hydrides. Modern context: green hydrogen and fuel cells. Water - physical and chemical anomalies, water in technology and treatment of process water. 3. Noble gases - characteristics, reactivity, and uses. s-elements I: Alkali metals - properties, occurrence, compounds. Modern context: Li-ion battery technology. 4. s-elements II: Alkaline earth metals - properties of elements and compounds, production and use. Biogenic significance, water hardness and its removal. 5. p-elements I (Boron and carbon group): Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium - properties and uses. Carbon and its inorganic compounds. Modern context: carbon nanomaterials (graphene, nanotubes). 6. p-elements II (Silicon and heavier metals of group 14): Silicon and its important compounds. Tin and lead. Modern context: semiconductors, technically important silicates, silicones, and environmental risks of lead. 7. p-elements III (Nitrogen): Properties, ammonia, nitric acid. Modern context: Haber-Bosch synthesis, industrial fertilisers, and environmental impacts (eutrophication). 8. p-elements IV (Heavier pnictogens): Phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. Properties, occurrence, important compounds, and their technical or agricultural uses. 9. p-elements V (Chalcogens): Oxygen - chemical properties, oxides, ozone. Other chalcogens (sulfur, selenium, tellurium), production and use of sulfuric acid. 10. p-elements VI (Halogens): Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine - properties, preparation, halides and oxygen compounds. Modern context: use in disinfection, etching, and plastics. 11. Introduction to d-elements and coordination chemistry: General characteristics of transition metals, variability of oxidation numbers. Complexes, crystal field theory, colour and magnetism. 12. Transition metals I: General methods of metal production, formation and properties of alloys. Elements of the titanium, zirconium, vanadium, chromium, and manganese groups (light and refractory metals). 13: Transition metals II: Iron triad (Fe, Co, Ni) and platinum metals. Properties and compounds. Modern context: metal corrosion and its protection, industrial catalysis. 14. Transition metals III and f-elements. Lanthanides and actinides (uranium). Modern context: rare earth elements as critical raw materials (CRM). Exercises: 1. Practising the periodic table and the periodic law - Knowledge of PT and dependencies resulting from the periodic law 2. Repetition of the nomenclature of complex compounds - repetition of formulas and names of coordination particles 3. Model of the geometry of molecules and ions of transient elements - Electronic structural formulas and theories of VSEPR 4. Visualisation of crystal structure - visualisation program VESTA - information for fulfilling individual seminar work 5. Stoichiometry - Determination of empirical (stoichiometric) and molecular formula - Example of hydrates: calculation of crystal waters in a hydrate from empirically measurable data 6. Solubility of substances and crystallisation - Concentration of saturated solution, crystallisation yield 7. Precipitation equilibria - Solubility product - Calculation of the solubility of pure substances and the amount of precipitate formed 8. Oxidation-reduction equilibria - Influence of pH on the properties of the redox system, oxidising and reducing agents 9. Presentation of group seminar papers on the topic of special chemical reactions - explanation of the principles with emphasis on the explanation of oxidation-reduction processes and their consequences, or on another reaction mechanism, its kinetics or utilisation of the reaction or the main starting material
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monological explanation (lecture, presentation,briefing), Dialogue metods(conversation,discussion,brainstorming), Self-study (text study, reading, problematic tasks, practical tasks, experiments, research, written assignments), Written assignment presentation and defence
- Class attendance
- 56 hours per semester
- Home preparation for classes
- 30 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 65 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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Master: Electron distribution in the atoms. Group trends, diagonal relationships in the periodic table. Chemistry of hydrogen. Noble gases. Representative elements of the s, p block - occurrence, preparation, use, physical and chemical properties, most important compounds. Chemistry of transition elements. Stabilisation of oxidationstates by complex formation. Representative elements of d, f block and their chemical properties.
After completing the course, students will: Predict and explain the physical and chemical properties of elements and their compounds based on the position of the element in the periodic table and its electron configuration. Apply the rules of inorganic nomenclature, draw structural electron formulas, and determine the spatial geometry of molecules using VSEPR theory. Model and visualize 3D crystal structures of inorganic substances using specialized software (e.g., VESTA) and interpret the spatial arrangement of atoms. Calculates chemical examples focused on stoichiometry (empirical formulas, hydrates), precipitation equilibria (solubility product), and crystallization yields. Analyzes and quantifies complex oxidation-reduction equations and explains the effect of pH on the course of redox reactions. Discusses the importance of selected elements and compounds for modern technologies (e.g., semiconductors, batteries, alloys), sustainability (green hydrogen), and recognizes the issue of critical raw materials (lanthanides). Profiling - Chemistry Teaching (link to KRAAU): Transform abstract knowledge about the structure of atoms, crystal lattices, and trends in the periodic table into teaching material using digital 3D models (VESTA) and analogies to develop the spatial imagination of secondary/primary school students (KRAAU 1.2). Argues in roles during discussions about the environmental and social impacts of mining and the use of inorganic raw materials (e.g., fertilizers, heavy metals, nuclear energy) and shows students the connection between chemistry and everyday life (KRAAU 1.1). Collaborates and presents in a team when creating and defending a seminar paper, accepting and providing formative feedback on the presentation and professional skills of their colleagues (KRAAU 4.2 and 5.1).
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Prerequisites
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knowledge of high school chemistry
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Combined examination, Oral presentation of self-study, Test
2 continuous paper exams from the material covered in exercises and lectures (more than 50% success rate), 1 group seminar work on the topic of special inorganic reactions, 1 individual seminar work on the topic of visualization of the crystal structure. 5th - 6th week - 1st written exam Week 13 - 2nd written exam Week 14 - presentation of group work
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Recommended literature
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FLEMR, Vratislav a Eva HOLEČKOVÁ. Úlohy z názvosloví a chemických výpočtů v anorganické chemii. 4. - přeprac. a opr. vyd. Praha: VŠCHT, 2001. ISBN 80-7080-435-1.
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HANDLÍŘ, Karel, Milan NÁDVORNÍK a Miroslav VLČEK. Výpočty a cvičení z obecné a anorganické chemie II. Vyd. 2. Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2011. ISBN 978-80-7395-376-8.
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HANDLÍŘ, Karel, Milan NÁDVORNÍK a Miroslav VLČEK. Výpočty a cvičení z obecné a anorganické chemie I. Vyd. 4. Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2009. ISBN 978-80-7395-206-8.
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Housecroft C. E., Sharpe A. G. Anorganická chemie. Praha: VŠCHT, 2014.
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Klikorka J., Hájek B., Votínský J. Obecná a anorganická chemie. Praha: SNTL, 1985.
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Šrámek Václav. Obecná a anorganická chemie. Olomouc: Nakladatelství Olomouc, 2000. ISBN 978-80-7182-099-7.
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ZÁRUBA, Kamil. Analytická chemie. Praha: VŠCHT, 2016. ISBN 978-80-7080-950-1.
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